全国2002年10月自学考试基础英语真题

一、单词或短语的英汉互译(共10分)

1、将下列词语译成中文(5分)

(1)the Bureau of International Commerce

(2)upswings or downswings

(3)hypothetical economy

(4)in random fashion

(5)surplus

2、将下列词语译成英文(5分)

(6)法定最低储备金

(7)完完全全的自由贸易

(8)背负式运输服务

(9)广告媒介

(10)收视者的人口统计数据

二、词汇应用和语法结构(共30分)

(一)词汇应用(15分)

选择最佳答案完成句子。

1. You've got to be there on time. I'm ______ on you.

A. counting B. hanging C. holding D. sitting

2. You've never been to Hongkong! You're ______ me on.

A. catching B. having C. laying D. playing

3. Before using your pressure cooker, read the following ______ carefully.

A. notices B. orders C. instructions D. advertisements

4. Different conditions made it hard to ______ the exact dosage of medicine for patients.

A. preface B. dose C. order D. prescribe

5. It is not profitable to provide bus services in districts where population is widely ______.

A. scattered B. separated C. spaced D. divided

6. Don't ______ to get dinner for me today; I'll eat out.

A. worry B. disturb C. bother D. interrupt

7. Anybody with ______ intelligence would have known better.

A. normal B. natural C. true D. right

8. It is wrong for someone in such a high ______ in the government to behave so hardly in public.

A. situation B. position C. profession D. standard

9. I hope you will keep ______ doing anything rash.

A. in B. on C. from D. off

10. Grocers have agreed to bring ______ the cost of several basic commodities.

A. over B. down C. forth D. off

11. Grandfather will retire from his job next year and ______ things easy.

A. make B. take C. do D. get

12. The plans for the building were ______ a few months ago. They were very satisfactory.

A. drawn on B. drawn back C. drawn out D. drawn up

13. The company has the ______right to print Mr. Dare's books.

A. exclusive B. inclusive C. excluding D. including

14. Harry likes eating very much but he isn't very ______ about the food he eats.

A. special B. unusual C. particular D. peculiar

15. This letter is so badly written that I can't ______ what the writer is trying to say.

A. put up B. give up C. figure out D. look out

(二)语法结构(15分)

选择最佳答案完成句子。

16. ______was not the way the event happened.

A. What the press reported B. What reported the press

C. What press reported D. The press reported

17. No announcement has been made concerning ______ on the shuttle flight.

A. who go B. who is going C. is who going D. who gone

18. I wish to have a picture taken with you, ______?

A. shall I B. may I C. do I D. will I

19. Ever since then, the mother ______ the mail from her son.

A. was expecting B. has been expecting

C. had expected D. expected

20. We had a friendly talk, ______ we visited the flower show together.

A. after that B. and that C. after it D. after which

21. If a book is ______, we should try to read it attentively.

A. worthy reading B. worth to read

C. worthy to be read D. worth reading

22. Her daughter had returned safe and sound. She ______ so much about her.

A. didn't have to worry B. shouldn't worry

C. needn't have worried D. needn't worry

23. The department store is busy putting away ______ to make room for the fashion show.

A. winter's clothes B. winter clothes

C. clothes for winter D. clothes of winter

24. She has three students in this speech contest, and all ______ won the first prize.

A. of which B. of whom C. them D. that

25. Nurses in this ward ______ very bust all day long.

A. nearly are always B. always are nearly

C. are nearly always D. are always nearly

26. The new students soon got used to life on campus and now they ______ in the university as they were at home.

A. almost as happy are B. are almost as happy

C. are as happy almost D. happy as almost are

27. She’d rather we ______ until everything is clear.

A. didn't say anything B. don't way anything

C. didn't say something D. don't say something

28. If we had been more careful, we ______ much better results now.

A. got B. had got C. would have got D. would be getting

29. ______ you find yourself in difficulty, please ask for help.

A. Could B. May C. Should D. Might

30. Jane failed to pass her final exam, I regretted ______ to help.

A. not be able B. being unable C. not to be able D. being not able

三、改错(共10分)

下面句子中有A，B，C，D四个划底线部分,其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。

四、完形填空(共15分)

(一)每空提供四个选择项，选择最佳答案填空。(5分)

The book is the best research machine invented. Since mass printing began a few hundred years ago, it has given hundreds of millions of people __1__ they could not have found anywhere else.

But many readers don't know __2__ a book is organized to help them. They see the different parts of a book. However, the reason for such an organization __3__ them.

The first thing to look at is the title and the author. Every __4__ a title doesn't tell you very much about what is inside, but usually it does. Sometimes a subtitle gives you __5__ information than the main title. If a book has a dust jacket, read the inside flaps. They usually __6__ you a fairly good breakdown of what the book is about. Behind the title page in most __7__ is the copyright notice. It is possible to look at this, especially the last date of copyright. Suppose you are studying __8__ travel, a book with a 1916 copyright will not cover moon landings.

Check the author's background, if possible. Now and then, you can find it in a beginning part called a preface. Read carefully about the __9__. Do you think he or she is qualified to write on the book's subject? Does his or her __10__ make the author an expert in this field?

1. A. things B. research C. information D. machines

2. A. that B. how C. why D. whether

3. A. escapes B. puzzles C. falls D. misses

4. A. book or novel B. one can find C. one kn D. now and then

5. A. fewer B. much C. little D. more

6. A. provide B. give C. serve D. find

7. A. part B. places C. books D. libraries

8. A. space B. business C. world D. sea

9. A. author B. information C. book D. date

10. A. skill B. name C. family D. background

(二)从所给词汇中为每空选择一个适当的词。有必要时，改变其形式。(10分)

explain, give, possible, clear, made, checked, looked at,

captain, drifting, sinking, bottle, off, currents, forward

The most important use of __11__ bottles is to find ocean currents. When the position and direction of __12__ are known, ships can use the __13__ movement of a current or stay away from currents that would carry them __14__ their course. Benjamin Franklin was one of the first to use __15__ in the study of currents. He wondered why British mail ships needed a week or two longer than U.S. ships needed in order to cross the Atlantic Ocean. Franklin thought the Gulf Stream might __16__ this difference.

Franklin talked with U. S. captains. he found that they knew each turn of the Gulf Stream. They used the current in every __17__ way. From his talks with the U. S. sea __18__, Franklin made his first map of the Gulf Stream. Then he __19__ his map by using sealed bottles. The map that he finally __20__ is still used, with only a few changes, today.

五、阅读理解(共20分)

本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，每个问题有四个供选择的答案。请选择一个最佳答案。

Passage 1

In Europe many people died during the Second World War. As a result, at the end of the war there were many orphans there. A man called Hermann Gmeiner wanted to help these children. His idea was simple. He wanted orphans to have a home. And he wanted them to have the care and kindness of parents. Gmeiner asked people to give him some money. With this money he built the first SOS Children's Village at Imst, in Austria. It opened in 1949, This is how the SOS Children's Villages started. The letters SOS stand for ″Save Our Souls″. This means ″Please help us!″ An SOS Children's Village gives help to orphans.

Hermann Gmeiner's idea for helping orphans soon spread all over the world. By 1983 there were 170 SOS Children's Villages in the world. People in many countries give money to help the villages. Today the children from the first villages are grown up. Now some of them work in other SOS Children's Villages.

In SOS villages orphans live in family groups. There are several houses in each village. The biggest villages have 40 or 50 houses! Between seven and ten children live in a house. A woman lives with each group of children and looks after them. She gives the children a lot of love and kindness. She cooks for them and makes a comfortable, happy home for them.

Of course, the children don't spend all their time in the village. They go to school, they go out with their friends and they go into town. But the village gives them a home — sometimes for the first time in their lives.

1. Which of the following came last?

A. People gave Gmeiner some money.

B. There were many orphans at the end of the war.

C. Gmeiner built the first SOS Children's Village with the money people gave him.

D. A man called Hermann Gmeiner wanted to help the orphans.

2. An orphan is a child ______.

A. who has no parents

B. who has no sister

C. who has no brother

D. all of the above

3. We can conclude from the article that the money for helping the SOS Villages mainly comes from ______.

A. people in general

B. special organizations

C. the orphans themselves

D. governments

4. Which of the following can best summarize the work a woman in an SOS Village does for each group of children?

A. She lives with each group of children.

B. She gives the children a lot of love and kindness.

C. She looks after them.

D. She cooks the meals for them.

5. Hermann Gmeiner built the first SOS Children Village ______.

A. because he wanted orphans to have a home

B. because he wanted orphans to have the care and kindness of parents

C. because he wanted to earn some money

D. both A and B

Passage 2

Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone in exposed to risk of some sort. The house-owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the shipowner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family the poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire, not every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In other words, the losses of few are met form the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contributions are known as ″insured″ and those who administer the pool of contributions as ″insurers″.

Not all risks lend themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly speaking, the ordinary risks of business and speculation(投机买卖)cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimated and risks can only be insured against if they can be so estimated.

The legal basis of all insurance is the ″policy″. This is a printed form of contract on stout paper of the best quality. It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money, called the ″premium″,which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money, if the risk or event insured against actually happens. The wording of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old—fashioned, but there is a sound reason for this. Over a large number of years many law case have been brought to clear up the meanings of doubtful phrases in policies. The law courts, in their judgment, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes, the phrases have continued to be used in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech.

6. According to this passage insurance is possible because ______.

A. everyone at some time suffers loss

B. only a small proportion of the insured suffer loss

C. nearly everyone suffers loss

D. only insured people suffer loss

7. By ″the pool of contributions″ the writer means ______.

A. the cost of administering insurance

B. the amount of each premium

C. money paid by the insurers

D. money paid by the insured

8. The insurance of ordinary business risks is not possible because ______.

A. businessmen will not buy insurance

B. the premiums would be too high

C. the risks are too high

D. the risks cannot be estimated

9. Old—fashioned wording is sometimes used in insurance policies because _____.

A. the meaning of such wording has been agreed upon

B. it enables ordinary people to understand it

C. insurance is old—fashioned

D. insurance has existed for a long time

10. The writer of this passage seems to think that insurance is ______.

A. a form of gambling

B. a way of making money quickly

C. old—fashioned

D. useful and necessary

六、英汉句子互译(共15分)

1、将下列句子译成中文

(1)Labor supply remained elastic owing to the large reservoir of able, educated workers still available in agriculture and in assorted pockets of traditional uderemployment. (4分)

(2)Nowadays industry has persuaded us that its products can only last a very short time. It is cheaper to throw them away than to repair them. (4分)

2. 将下句子译成英文

(1)企业预测是影响投资开销的最关键的因素。(4分)

(2)越来越多物美价廉的产品正在投放市场。(3分)